濟(jì)南視頻拍攝：八種常見的視頻拍攝手法

　　鏡頭是視頻創(chuàng)作的基本單位，一個完整的影視作品，是由一個一個的鏡頭完成的，離開獨(dú)立的鏡頭，也就沒有了視頻成片。影視視頻的制作也就是通過多個鏡頭的組合和設(shè)計表現(xiàn)完成的，所以，鏡頭的應(yīng)用技巧也直接影響影視作品的最終效果。那么在視頻拍攝中，要如何來表現(xiàn)想要的鏡頭畫面呢，通過哪些鏡頭拍攝手法來表現(xiàn)呢，下面就來學(xué)習(xí)一下八種最常見最基本的視頻拍攝鏡頭，只有掌握這些基本的鏡頭手法，才能向拍大片的進(jìn)程邁進(jìn)。

　　The lens is the basic unit of video creation, and a complete film and television work is completed by one lens after another. Without independent lenses, there is no video production. The production of film and television videos is achieved through the combination and design of multiple shots, so the application techniques of shots directly affect the final effect of the film and television works. So, in video shooting, how to express the desired shots and what shooting techniques to use? Let's learn about the eight most common and basic video shooting shots. Only by mastering these basic shooting techniques can we move towards the process of shooting large films.

　　一、推鏡頭

　　1、 Push the camera

　　推鏡頭是在視頻拍攝中比較常用的一種拍攝手法，它主要利用攝像機(jī)前移或變焦來完成，逐漸靠近要表現(xiàn)的主體對象，使人感覺是一步一步走近要觀察的事物，近距離去觀看某個事物，它可以表現(xiàn)同一個對象從遠(yuǎn)到近變化，也可以表現(xiàn)一個對象到另一個對象的變化。

　　Pushing the lens is a commonly used shooting technique in video shooting, which mainly uses the camera to move forward or zoom in, gradually approaching the subject object to be represented, making people feel like they are approaching the object to be observed step by step. Looking at something up close, it can represent the changes of the same object from far to near, as well as the changes from one object to another.

　　這種鏡頭的手法運(yùn)用，主要是為了突出要拍攝的對象的某個部位，從而更清楚地看到細(xì)節(jié)的變化。比如觀察一個飾品，從人物通過變焦看到飾品特征，也是應(yīng)用推鏡頭。有穩(wěn)定器的老鐵可以輕松利用穩(wěn)定器帶動設(shè)備前移或變焦來完成推鏡頭的拍攝。

　　The use of this lens technique is mainly to highlight a certain part of the object to be photographed, so as to see the changes in details more clearly. For example, observing an accessory and seeing its features through zooming in on the character is also an application of pushing the lens. Laotie with a stabilizer can easily use the stabilizer to drive the equipment forward or zoom to complete the shooting of pushing the lens.

　　二、移鏡頭

　　2、 Move the camera

　　移鏡頭也叫移動拍攝，它是將攝像機(jī)固定在移動的物體上作各個方向地移動來拍攝不動的物體，使不動的物體產(chǎn)生運(yùn)動效果，攝像時將拍攝畫面逐步呈現(xiàn)，形成巡視或展示的視覺感受。

　　Moving camera, also known as mobile shooting, is the process of fixing a camera on a moving object and moving it in various directions to capture stationary objects, creating a motion effect on the stationary objects. During filming, the captured image is gradually presented, creating a visual experience of inspection or display.

　　移鏡頭演示

　　Moving camera demonstration

　　它將一些對象連貫起來加以表現(xiàn)，形成動態(tài)效果而組成視頻內(nèi)容展現(xiàn)出來，可以表現(xiàn)出逐漸認(rèn)識的效果，并能使主題逐漸明了。同樣，手持穩(wěn)定器也可以拍攝移鏡頭，在各個方向來回移動拍攝不動的物體，使不動的物體產(chǎn)生運(yùn)動效果，攝像時將拍攝畫面逐步呈現(xiàn)。拍攝過程中使用穩(wěn)定器可以消除運(yùn)動狀態(tài)下產(chǎn)生的抖動。

　　It connects some objects to form dynamic effects and presents video content, which can gradually show the effect of understanding and make the theme clearer. Similarly, handheld stabilizers can also be used to shoot with a moving lens, moving back and forth in various directions to capture stationary objects, creating a motion effect on the stationary objects, and gradually presenting the captured image during filming. Using a stabilizer during the shooting process can eliminate the shaking generated during motion.

　　移鏡頭演示

　　Moving camera demonstration

　　三、跟鏡頭

　　3、 Follow the camera

　　跟鏡頭也稱為跟拍，在拍攝過程中找到興趣點(diǎn)，然后跟隨目標(biāo)進(jìn)行拍攝。比如在一個酒店，開始拍攝的只是整個酒店中的大場面，然后跟隨一個服務(wù)員從一個位置跟隨拍攝，在房間之間走來走去的鏡頭。跟鏡頭一般要表現(xiàn)的對象在畫面中的位置保持不變，只是跟隨它所走過的畫面而有所變化，就如一個人跟著另一個人穿過大街小巷一樣，周圍的事物在變化，而本身的跟隨方式是沒有變化的。

　　Following the camera, also known as follow-up shooting, involves finding points of interest during the shooting process and then following the target for shooting. For example, in a hotel, the initial shot is only the grand scene of the entire hotel, followed by a waiter walking back and forth between rooms from one position. The position of the object to be represented in the frame remains unchanged, just changing according to the image it passes through, just like a person following another person through the streets and alleys. The surrounding things are changing, but the way of following itself remains unchanged.

　　跟鏡頭演示

　　Demonstrate to the camera

　　跟鏡頭也是影視拍攝中比較常見的一種方法，它可以很好地突出主體，表現(xiàn)主體的運(yùn)動速度、方向及體態(tài)等信息，給人一種身臨其境的感覺。跟拍鏡頭配合穩(wěn)定器的全鎖定模式使用，能保證移動時方向一致，且畫面更加平穩(wěn)。

　　Following the camera is also a common method in film and television shooting, which can effectively highlight the subject, express information such as the subject's movement speed, direction, and posture, and give people a sense of immersion. When used in conjunction with the stabilizer's fully locked mode, the camera can ensure consistent direction during movement and a smoother image.

　　跟鏡頭演示

　　Demonstrate to the camera

　　四、搖鏡頭

　　4、 Shake the camera

　　搖鏡頭也稱為搖拍，主要手法是在拍攝時相機(jī)不動，只搖動鏡頭做左右、上下、移動或旋轉(zhuǎn)等運(yùn)動，使人感覺從對象的一個部位到另一個部位逐漸觀看，比如一個人站立不動扭動脖子來觀看事物，我們常說的環(huán)顧四周，其實(shí)就是這個道理。

　　Shaking the lens, also known as pan shooting, is the main technique used to keep the camera still while shooting, only shaking the lens to make movements such as left, right, up, down, movement, or rotation, making people feel like they are gradually viewing from one part of the object to another. For example, when a person stands still and twists their neck to observe something, we often say they look around, which is actually the principle behind it.

　　搖鏡頭也是影視拍攝中經(jīng)常用到的，比如電影中出現(xiàn)一個洞穴，然后上下、左右或環(huán)周拍攝應(yīng)用的就是搖鏡頭。在拍攝時可以保持相機(jī)不動，利用穩(wěn)定器撥盤控制鏡頭作左右、上下等移動，主要用來表現(xiàn)事物的逐步呈現(xiàn)，一個又一個的畫面從漸入鏡頭到漸出鏡頭來完整整個事物發(fā)展。

　　Shaking the camera is also commonly used in film and television shooting, such as when a cave appears in a movie, and then the camera is used for shooting up, down, left, right, or around. When shooting, the camera can be kept still, and the stabilizer dial can be used to control the lens to move left, right, up, and down. It is mainly used to show the gradual presentation of things, with one image after another gradually entering and exiting the lens to complete the development of the entire thing.

　　五、旋轉(zhuǎn)鏡頭

　　5、 Rotating lens

　　旋轉(zhuǎn)鏡頭是指被拍攝對象呈旋轉(zhuǎn)效果的畫面，鏡頭沿鏡頭光軸或接近鏡頭光軸的角度旋轉(zhuǎn)拍攝，攝像機(jī)快速做超過360度的旋轉(zhuǎn)拍攝，這種拍攝手法多表現(xiàn)人物的眩暈感覺，是影視拍攝中常用的一種拍攝手法，如《泰坦尼克號》里的跳舞鏡頭。

　　Rotating lens refers to the image of the subject being photographed with a rotating effect. The lens rotates along or near the lens axis to capture the image, and the camera quickly performs a rotation of more than 360 degrees. This shooting technique often expresses the dizziness of characters and is a commonly used shooting technique in film and television, such as the dance scene in Titanic.

　　利用穩(wěn)定器拍攝旋轉(zhuǎn)鏡頭的時候，可以手持穩(wěn)定器快速做超過360度的旋轉(zhuǎn)拍攝，以實(shí)現(xiàn)旋轉(zhuǎn)鏡頭的效果。

　　When using a stabilizer to shoot a rotating lens, you can hold the stabilizer and quickly rotate it over 360 degrees to achieve the effect of rotating the lens.

　　環(huán)繞鏡頭演示

　　Surround Camera Demonstration

　　也可拍攝反向環(huán)繞旋轉(zhuǎn)鏡頭，手持穩(wěn)定器，身體原地轉(zhuǎn)動即可；也可將穩(wěn)定器倒置，對被攝物進(jìn)行低角度旋轉(zhuǎn)環(huán)繞拍攝，這種鏡頭適合展現(xiàn)主角的高大形象。

　　You can also shoot with a reverse surround rotation lens, hold a stabilizer, and rotate your body in place; You can also invert the stabilizer and perform low angle rotation around the subject for shooting, which is suitable for showcasing the protagonist's tall image.

　　六、拉鏡頭

　　6、 Pull the camera

　　拉鏡頭與推鏡頭正好相反，它主要是利用攝像機(jī)后移或變焦來完成，逐漸遠(yuǎn)離要表現(xiàn)的主體對象，使人感覺正一步一步遠(yuǎn)離要觀察的事物，遠(yuǎn)距離觀看某個事物的整體效果，它可以表現(xiàn)同一個對象從近到遠(yuǎn)的變化，也可以表現(xiàn)一個對象到另一個對象的變化，這種鏡頭的應(yīng)用，主要突出要拍攝對象與整體的效果，把握全局，比如常見影視中的峽谷內(nèi)部拍攝到整個外部拍攝，應(yīng)用的就是拉鏡頭；還有一些特效場景運(yùn)用的也是這樣的鏡頭。

　　Pulling the lens is exactly the opposite of pushing the lens. It mainly uses the camera to move back or zoom out, gradually moving away from the subject to be represented, making people feel like they are moving away from the object to be observed step by step. When viewing the overall effect of a certain object from a distance, it can show the change of the same object from near to far, or from one object to another. The application of this lens mainly highlights the effect of the object to be photographed and the whole, grasping the whole picture. For example, in common movies and TV shows, shooting from the inside of a canyon to the outside is done by pulling the lens; Some special effects scenes also use such shots.

　　拉鏡頭演示

　　Pull up camera demonstration

　　在日常拍攝中，同樣也可以利用穩(wěn)定器帶動設(shè)備移或變焦來完成，逐漸遠(yuǎn)離要表現(xiàn)的主體對象。

　　In daily shooting, stabilizers can also be used to drive equipment to shift or zoom, gradually moving away from the subject being portrayed.

　　拉鏡頭演示

　　Pull up camera demonstration

　　七、甩鏡頭

　　7、 Shake the camera

　　甩鏡頭是快速地將鏡頭搖動，極快地轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個景物，從而將畫面切換到另一個內(nèi)容，而中間的過程則產(chǎn)生模糊一片的效果，這種拍攝可以表現(xiàn)一種內(nèi)容的突然過渡。

　　Swinging the camera is the process of quickly shaking the lens and transferring it to another scene, thereby switching the image to another content, while the intermediate process produces a blurred effect. This type of shooting can depict a sudden transition of content.

　　甩鏡頭演示

　　Shake the camera demonstration

　　八、晃鏡頭

　　8、 Shake the camera

　　晃鏡頭的應(yīng)用相對于前面的幾種方式應(yīng)用要少一些，它主要應(yīng)用在特定的環(huán)境中，讓畫面產(chǎn)生上下、左右或前后等的搖擺效果，主要用于表現(xiàn)精神恍惚、頭暈?zāi)垦！⒊塑嚧葥u晃效果，比如表現(xiàn)地震場景，還有爆炸場景等。

　　The application of shaking the camera is relatively less common compared to the previous methods. It is mainly used in specific environments to create shaking effects such as up and down, left and right, or front and back. It is mainly used to express shaking effects such as mental confusion, dizziness, and riding on a boat, such as earthquake scenes and explosion scenes.

　　《諜影重重》系列、《風(fēng)聲》以及各種大片常用的搖晃鏡頭，主要應(yīng)用在特定的環(huán)境中，分臨場感晃動和模糊光暈晃動；前者增強(qiáng)臨場感真實(shí)感，后者增加鏡頭美感；需同步搖晃，營造呼吸感鏡頭。

　　The shaking shots commonly used in the "Bourne Ultimatum" series, "The Wind", and various blockbusters are mainly applied in specific environments, including realistic shaking and blurred halo shaking; The former enhances the sense of presence and realism, while the latter increases the aesthetic appeal of the camera; Synchronized shaking is required to create a breathing sensation in the camera.

　　搖晃鏡頭演示

　　Shake the camera demonstration

　　這八大鏡頭手法可以說是最經(jīng)典也最基本的視頻拍攝手法了，只有掌握了最基本的拍攝手法，再來回演練實(shí)操，把基本的手法通過穩(wěn)定器實(shí)現(xiàn)在日常的視頻拍攝中，學(xué)以致用，才可以向更高一層邁進(jìn)。

　　These eight major camera techniques can be said to be the most classic and basic video shooting techniques. Only by mastering the most basic shooting techniques, and then practicing and applying them through stabilizers in daily video shooting, can we move towards a higher level.

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